Review 1 Acid Rock Drainage or Not — Oxidative vs . Reductive 2 Biofilms — A Microbial Question 3
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چکیده
Measures to counteract AMD generation need to start at the mineral surface, inhibiting 9 mineral-oxidizing, acidophilic microbes. Laboratory and long term field tests with pyrite-containing 10 mining wastes, where Carbonaceous Phosphate Mining Waste (CPMW) was added, resulted in low 11 acidity, and near neutral drainage. The effect was reproducible, and confirmed by several 12 independent research groups. This was shown to involve an organic coating, likely a biofilm. The 13 biofilm formation was confirmed when CPMW was added to lignite coal waste with an initial pH 14 of 1. Forty five days after the addition, the coal waste was dominated by heterotrophic 15 microorganisms in biofilms. A review of the scientific literature supports that CPMW has physical 16 and chemical characteristics which are capable of inducing a strong inhibitory effect on sulphide 17 oxidation by forming an organic coating over the mineral surface. CPMW characteristics appear to 18 provide the cornerstone of a new technology for the reduction of sulphide oxidation in mine wastes. 19 An hypothesis for testing this technology is presented which could result in an economical and 20 sustainable approach to mine waste and water management. 21
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